High Performance Computing (HPC) in cloud computing refers to the use of cloud-based resources to run applications that require high performance and throughput. These applications often involve complex computations and large amounts of data.

• HPC in the cloud provides scalable computing power on demand, making it a cost-effective solution for running complex simulations and data analyses.
• It allows researchers and businesses to access powerful computing resources without the need for owning and maintaining expensive hardware.

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HPC works by distributing computational tasks across multiple processors, either within a single machine or across a network of machines, to perform complex calculations or data processing tasks more quickly.

• HPC systems often include components such as parallel supercomputers, computer clusters, and grids, as well as software for task scheduling and load balancing.
• In the cloud, HPC can be achieved by using a cluster of virtual machines that are configured to work together to process tasks in parallel.

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A weather forecasting agency needs to process large amounts of data from weather stations around the world and run complex simulations to predict weather patterns. By using HPC in the cloud, the agency can quickly scale up its computing resources during periods of intense activity (such as hurricane season), and scale down during quieter periods, thus saving costs while still getting the computing power it needs.